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Acknowledgements
Introduction11
1.Functions of Lifespan Integration15
2.The Neurobiological Basis of Lifespan Integration17
Effects of Trauma on Early Neural Development17
Implicit Memories Affect Adults in the Present19
Factors which Contribute to Neural Integration20
Neural Plasticity Contributes to Change21
Intervening to Help Ego States in Past22
Use of Imagery and Active Imagination23
Importance of Repetition24
Lifespan Integration Re-Organizes the Self System25
Outcomes Indicate Change at Synaptic Level26
Summary26
3.Applied Neuroscience27
Emotion Affects Encoding of Memory27
LI Differs from Traditional Methods27
Importance of Relationship30
State Transitions across Time30
Importance of Repetition30
Attention Enhances Neural Plasticity31
Emotion Enhances Neural Plasticity31
Autobiographical Narratives and Attachment Research31
Autonoetic Consciousness32
Lifespan Integration Promotes Neural Integration35
About the Lifespan Integration Time Line38
4.Using the Lifespan Integration Protocol41
Preparing Clients41
Preparing the Memory Cue List42
Memory Expansion Indicates Integration43
Follow the Client's Body-Mind System43
When the Early History is Traumatic or Unknown43
Time Required for Lifespan Integration44
When Parts of Self Interfere with LI Processing44
Step 1: Finding the Ego State / Source Memory45
Step 2: Discuss the Source Memory45
Step 3: Current Self Enters Memory Scene45
Step 4: Moving to a Peaceful Place46
Step 5: Bringing in the Current Information46
Step 6: The Time Line / Integration47
Step 7: Bringing the Child Self to the Present47
Step 8: Check the Source Memory48
Step 9: Check the Presenting Problem49
5.Lifespan Integration Birth to Present Protocol51
Birth to Present Script54
6.Use of Imagery and Active Imagination61
Coaching Internal Conversations63
Constructed Memories63
Internal Conference Room64
7.Treatment of Eating Disorders67
Working with Anorexics67
Working with Bulimics and Binge Eaters72
8.Treatment of Dissociative Identity Disorder75
Guidelines for Using LI BP to Treat D.I.D. and DDNOS76
Helping Dissociative Clients with Memory Cues76
Explaining the Process to the D.I.D. Client77
Using the Birth to Present Protocol with D.I.D. Clients77
Observations78
9.Integration of Separated Self-States79
Polarized Parts80
Integration of Somatic Memory80
10.Re-Sourcing and Re-Connecting to Essence and Being83
Client's Description of Reconnection to Essence84
Spontaneous Resourcing during Lifespan Integration86
Case Example: Spontaneous Resourcing -- "Bob"86
11.Specialized Uses of Lifespan Integration89
Treatment of PTSD with Lifespan Integration89
Lifespan Integration for Depression and Anxiety92
Anxiety Due to Birth Trauma or Early Separation94
Anxiety Due to Too Much Early Responsibility94
Anxiety and Panic Attacks Due to Repressed Rage95
Preverbal Trauma95
Lifespan Integration with Teenagers and Children96
Using Lifespan Integration with Adopted Children96
Working with Older Adults97
12.Common Obstacles to LI Processing99
Client is not retrieving images correctly99
Client interrupts process with too much talking100
Therapist interrupts process with too much talking101
Adult Self Has Trouble Entering Memory Scene101
Interference from split off parts of self102
Client dissociates during Step 6, the LI Time Line102
Therapist needs Lifespan Integration therapy103
Client is undiagnosed D.I.D.103
Use of marijuana and other medications104
13.Frequently Asked Questions105
How much tiime is required for an LI session?105
Is it OK to deviate from LI protocol?105
Why does therapist coach internal conversation?105
What if the child self won't cooperate?106
What if clients have memory gaps?106
Does the client need to see self in memory scene?107
What if client feels physical pain during LI?107
Can LI therapy be used to treat addictions?108
What if the adult client dislikes her child self?109
What if the child self dislikes the adult?109
What if the child self doesn't trust the adult?110
What if the child self doesn't want to leave the past?110
What if client, in Step 1, goes to a positive memory?111
How does LI differ from other techniques?111
Lifespan Integration Flow Charts113
Lifespan Integration standard protocol114
Lifespan Integration Steps116
LI Birth to Present protocol117
Appendix119
Glossary122
References123